In order to work properly, straight-through Ethernet cables must be terminated with the same pin configurations on either end. Two different wiring standards exist for wired Ethernet: T568A (A wiring) and T568B (B wiring). A and B wiring offer the same electrical properties and either standard can be used. StarTech.com uses the T568B wiring standard for all of the straight-through Ethernet cables.

Note: For more information about the differences between straight-through and crossover Ethernet cables, refer to the following FAQ: http://www.startech.com/faq/network_cables_straight_through_vs_crossover.  

Wiring Pinout Table

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StarTech.com offers two similar types of network patch cables: molded and snagless. The difference between these cables is the style of the RJ-45 terminations and not the cable technology, as both types of cables offer the same performance.

Molded cables are the most universally used cables. The RJ-45 connectors have a molded boot that joins the connector to the cable, and the RJ-45 connector's lock is unprotected. They are typically used in applications where there are not many insertion cycles (they are not unplugged and plugged back in often), like in a hard-to-access space.

Snagless cables have a modified boot when compared to molded cables. The boot on a snagless cable has a small flap or flaps that protect the RJ-45 connector's lock from being snapped off easily. They are typically used in applications where there are high insertion cycles, like an easy-to-access space.

Although both types of cables offer the same performance, in some cases, one type of cable is preferred over another.

For examples of some applications and the recommended cable, see the following table:

Different categories of UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cabling were created for better performance in certain applications. As a general rule, the higher the category number, the higher the noise reduction and lower attenuation, and consequently the higher the bandwidth. For example, CAT6 can handle higher data rates at longer distances than CAT5 can. Newer categories have been added since the original revision to achieve these higher data rates.

The most widely used cable for Ethernet is CAT5e, which is good for most gigabit Ethernet applications. StarTech.com offers CAT5e, CAT6, and CAT6a Ethernet cables.

Any cable type can be used in any application as long as it meets the transfer speeds required for the application.

The following table compares the UTP cable categories:

Note: The performance of any UTP cable is dependent on the length used and how the cable is terminated.

Patch cables can come in two different wiring applications: straight-through and crossover. The type of cable that is required depends on the application. Straight-through Ethernet cables are the most commonly used.

Crossover cables use two different wiring standards: one end uses the T568A wiring standard, and the other end uses the T568B wiring standard. To determine if you have a straight-through or crossover cable, compare the Ethernet cables to see if the colors are wired in the same order on each end. For more information on Ethernet wiring standards, refer to the following FAQ: http://www.startech.com/faq/network_cables_a_vs_b_pinout.

Many modern network devices support Auto MDI-X, which automatically negotiates which wiring standard is required. For example, a computer with Auto MDI-X can use either a straight-through or crossover cable for any application.

Two different wiring standards exist for wired Ethernet: T568A (A wiring) and T568B (B wiring). The straight-through patch cables offered by StarTech.com adhere to the T568B standard.

For more information on straight-through versus crossover Ethernet cables, refer to the following FAQ: http://www.startech.com/faq/network_cables_straight_through_vs_crossover.

For more information on Ethernet wiring, refer to the following FAQ: http://www.startech.com/faq/network_cables_a_vs_b_pinout.

Stranded Ethernet cables are flexible and are often used as patch cables, short cables that are ideal for connecting a computer to a wall outlet or to a router.  Solid Ethernet cables are rigid but have better signal strength.  These cables are ideal for use behind walls and in longer cable runs.

When you troubleshoot issues with a network cable, there are some quick tests that you can complete to rule out potential problems. You can test to make sure that the following components are working correctly and are not the source of the issue:

• Network devices

• Network cables

To test your setup components, try the following:

• Use the network devices and network cables in another setup to see if the problem is with the components or the setup.

• Use different network devices and network cables in your setup to see if the problem persists. Ideally, you should test a component that you know works in another setup.

When you test your cables, it is recommended that you do the following:

• Test each cable individually.

• Use short cables when you are testing.

When you test the network devices and network cables, make sure that the link LEDs (if present) turn on for both of the devices. This indicates basic network connectivity between the network devices. You also need to determine if your devices need a straight through or a crossover cable. For more information about straight through and crossover cables, see the following FAQ: http://www.startech.com/faq/network_cables_straight_through_vs_crossover

If the link LEDs are not illuminated or there are not any LEDs present, you will need to troubleshoot your devices. Alternatively, you can also use a network cable tester, such as the REMOTETEST or LANTESTPRO.